Ultrasonic Metal Testing Essay Example for Free

Ultrasonic Metal Testing Essay Ultrasonic testing refers to the use of sound energy of high frequency â€Å"to conduct examinations and make measurements (â€Å"Basic Principles of Ultrasonic Testing†). † This form of inspection may be applied in the detection and evaluation of metal flaws; measurement of dimensions; and classification of materials among other things (â€Å"Basic Principles of Ultrasonic Testing†). It was in the year 1928 that a famous Soviet scientist by the name of Sergei Y. Sokolov proposed and demonstrated at the V. I. Ulvanov Electrotechnical Institute a â€Å"through-transmission technique† for detecting flaws in metals (Early History of Metal Flaw Detectors). Although necessary technology was nonexistent at the time, Sokolov proposed that this technique could be applied in the detection of irregularities in solids. In Germany during the early 1930s, Sokolov’s proposal was taken seriously enough to begin extensive experimentation on the detection of flaws in metals. O Muhlhauser, in the year 1933, patented a method for the transmission of ultrasonic energy into the solid or metal being tested. This system allowed ultrasonic energy to examine the solid or metal using two transducers (Early History of Metal Flaw Detectors). Ultrasonic metal testing has been useful in industrial applications since the 1940s. Based on the laws of physics governing the spread of sound waves of high frequencies through solids, ultrasonic metal testing helps in the detection of cracks that may be hidden, in addition to porosity, voids and other kinds of â€Å"internal discontinuities† in metals (â€Å"General Introduction to Ultrasonic Testing†). Ceramics, plastics, and composites may be similarly tested using ultrasonic systems. Ultrasonic testing also allows easy measurement of thickness as well analysis of material properties.Most importantly, ultrasonic metal testing is entirely safe and nondestructive (â€Å"General Introduction to Ultrasonic Testing†). References Basic Principles of Ultrasonic Testing. NDT Resource Center. Retrieved Dec 14, 2007, from http://www. ndt-ed. org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Ultrasonics/Introduction/description. htm. Early History of Metal Flaw Detectors. Retrieved Dec 14, 2007, from http://www. ob- ultrasound. net/ndt. html. General Introduction to Ultrasonic Testing. Olympus. Retrieved Dec 14, 2007, from http://www. olympusndt. com/en/ndt-tutorials/intro/ut/.

The New Face of Black Feminine Beauty Essay -- Hairstyles Beauty Adver

The New Face of Black Feminine Beauty Since the early 1900s, Black women have had a fascination with their hair. More explicitly, they have had a fascination with straightening their hair. The need to be accepted by the majority class has caused them to do so. Though the image of straight hair as being better than coarse hair still hasn’t left the Black community, there has been a surge of non straight hairstyles since the nineteen sixties. Wearing more natural hairstyles, which ironically enough include ‘weaves’ and ‘hair extensions’ has been considered to be more empowered and more enlightened. However, this image comes with a price, and though it appears the ‘natural’ hairstyle movement has advanced Black women, it has actually set them back. The color of the ad is done in browns, earth tones. The signifier in this ad is the colorless sketch drawing of a woman that takes up one page of the two-page ad. She is a symbolic, versus an iconic sign, because the images that lead people to assume the picture is of a Black woman are learned, symbols such as ‘thick lips’ and the way her hair looks, not straight lines, but dotted. The signified is a Black woman, with ‘natural hair’, presumably pretty. The next part of the ad, and as equally important as the first, is on the second page. Large, in bold, is the word ‘naturally’. Beneath it are the words â€Å"If citrus sheen fell on shimmering braids and soothing mist caressed short twists. How lovely would that be?† It has the feel of a poem, and the different shades of brown add to the artistic feel of the page. The artistic feel is important, because it adds the idea of a woman with natural hair as being both bohemian and sophisticated. Beneath the ‘poem’ is an introduction to the product. It emphasizes the product’s natural ingredients, things that seem as though they would be better in a salad dressing than on one’s hair. However, these ingredients are important. First, the emphasis the ‘naturalness’ of the product in turn emphasizes the natural state of the projected audience’s hair. Secondly, its use of Americanized products instead of typical African products (olive oil versus jojoba oil) separate this ad from the typical ‘natural hair care product’ ads. This ad is geared towards a new type of Black woman, one who is more interested in a connection to spirituality and art than to Africa. The actual... ...ce political and socially, the harsher the beauty myth is used against them. In this case, the punishment for rebelling against the majority culture by adapting a ‘subversive’ hairstyle, the thinner you have to be in order to still be considered beautiful. Furthermore, thinness in the Black community is difficult to achieve. Typically, Black body structure, food and eating culture doesn’t easily result in thinness. This is the price Black women pay for this new expression of self. The new face of Black feminine beauty comes with a price. It alienates nearly half of those in the culture that don’t fit the standard. While the hairstyle challenges the majority culture, the newfound search for thinness that comes with the hairstyles returns Black women to the confines of White beauty standards. The ideology that natural hairstyles bring enlightenment came from the Rastafarian tradition. However, what new ads and cultural myth discount is the religious dimension that the Rastafarians placed on their hair. Natural hair doesn’t mean immediate spiritual or intellectual wisdom. What at first seems to be the advancement of Black women, shows the backwards regression of Black beauty.

My Business

My Fitness Academy will be set up at Copiague, in New York 11726 Great Neck Road in the polish center. It will be called Martas Academy aiming at making people fit by integrating dance and exercises The business is based on two simple facts: Healthy people are more productive than those that are chronically ill. It costs less to prevent injuries or illnesses than to treat them after they occur. At this Fitness Academy, we believe that traditional approaches to the current health care crisis are misdirected. These traditional efforts are what we call reactive, that is, they wait until after a person has been stricken with illness or injury, and then pay for the necessary treatments. Our approach, will emphasize on prevention and good health promotion, is much more proactive. 2.0 The Academy Fitness management is based on the belief that healthy people are more productive and efficient. For this reason, it will provide wellness strategies/programs to club members. This will combine dance and exercise-related activities designed to facilitate positive lifestyle changes in members. 2.1 Academy Ownership and Start up Capital The Academy will be a privately held business with one founder and owner. Start-up capital will require approximately $60,000 which will all be provided by the founder. Approximately $30,000 will be allocated to leasehold improvements and $15,000 to equipment. 3.0 Services In my business, classes will be offered in both English and Polish languages. This will mean that those who do not understand English can attend the lessons offered in Polish. I also intend to offer superior customer services in a clean and enjoyable environment. I will also make the lessons affordable to people by charging a membership fee of $50 since my target group will have a house income of $50,000-$60,000 per year. So a membership of $50 will be quite reasonable and affordable. The level of education will not matter as long as one understands either English or polish. The Academy will offer a number of lessons. They include yoga lessons, Pilates, choreographed dances for children between ages 3- 6 and other kind of dances. For instance, I will be having school children interested in the choreographed dance, couples who want to learn how to dance and keep fit as well and yoga will be ideal for a number of people and especially pregnant women. The lessons will also be spread throughout the day in order to have a good timetable for everyone. This will ensure that the lessons are easily accessible and that no one is left out because of time. The Academy will have a flexible timetable whereby one can have a variety of lessons to choose from in terms of time. One can either attend morning, noon, and evening or late night classes. 4.0 Promotion Strategy Initial promotional activity will be through advertisements. This will be in form of printed posters placed at strategic positions like at the neighboring businesses where many people/ customers visit. I will also place advertisements on the church and school bulletins. Promotional activity will also be utilized through other media outlets like the news papers and Radio, but minimally. Word-of-mouth will also attract potential clients. 5.0 Management Summary The Academy will be a small business headed by one individual. He will be aided by a number of experienced trainers but as the business grows, more staff will be employed to cater for the business’s growing needs. References Rhonda, Abrams. (2003). The Successful Business Plan: Secrets & Strategies. London: The planning Shop   

Influence & Detachment in the Picture of Dorian Gray

In Oscar Wilde’s only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, many influences are at play throughout the book. The relationships between the characters are all about the influence they have on each other’s life. However, out of them all, one of the characters stands out as a more detached figure who has mastered the art of influencing without being influenced by others himself: Lord Henry Wotton.To study the different forms of influences in the book, we shall first focus on the link between art and influence before turning to the study of the influence of Lord Henry and Basil on Dorian, to finally discuss the effect of all the influences on Dorian and debate over whether Dorian can be considered as an evil character at the end of the book. The first character who embodies the link between art and influence is Sybil. From the start, Sybil is a character that is only depicted through her art.She is an actress and all her life is devoted to acting to the point that the frontier between her life and her act is not always very clear to her and to the reader. She even makes her story with Dorian sounds like a fairy tale depicting him as a prince, â€Å"Prince Charming†, coming to rescue them from Mr. Isaacs to whom they owe money: â€Å"We don’t want him any more, Mother. Prince Charming rules life for us now. † Just like Dorian, Sybil is a sort of creation which accounts for her suggestibility. She is what her mother and Mr.Isaacs made her. Her mother does not want her to â€Å"think of anything but [her] acting† and because she ignores everything about real life, she lives the roles she plays as real life which is precisely what makes her such a great actress. And it is her talent as an actress that arouses Dorian’s interest. Yet, by enabling Sybil to discover the vanity of acting through her discovery of real love, Dorian ruins Sybil’s talent. And by ruining her talent he ruins his interest in her which leads him t o despise her and leave her.Clearly, Dorian’s influence on Sybil’s life and art is crucial but she is not the only character influenced by Dorian. Dorian’s portrait is described in the book as Basil’s masterpiece and it is so because Basil had never been as inspired by a subject before. The first time Basil saw Dorian he tried to avoid meeting him and justifies his doing so by saying that he â€Å"did not want any external influence in [his] life†. This sheds light on the fact that he already knew before even talking to Dorian that his influence on him and his art would be so great.And it is the very influence of Dorian that enabled Basil to reach a new level in his creation. Not only has Dorian allowed Basil to achieve â€Å"the best thing [he] ha[s] ever done† – according to Lord Henry – in painting Dorian’s portrait but he has also inspired him in every piece of art he has painted since he met Dorian, as shown in this extract: â€Å"Some subtle influence passed from him to me, and for the first time in my life I saw in the plain woodland the wonder I had always looked for, and always missed. It is clear that meeting Dorian is a real turning point in Basil’s artistic life. However Dorian cannot be described as a mere source of inspiration to Basil; he is his muse who involves more than inspiration but also adoration and idolatry. The extent of Dorian’s influence on Basil’s art and life is made obvious when Basil does not want to expose the portrait and says â€Å"I have put too much of myself into it†.When Lord Henry asks Basil more details on how he met Dorian and how it changed dramatically his life as an artist, it becomes clearer and clearer that Basil feelings for Dorian are feelings of love. And those feelings bring Basil to contradict himself on what he thinks art should be. After being so eloquent on Dorian’s influence on his art, he seems to regret the way he felt and thought and explains that he was â€Å"foolish† of thinking so: â€Å"Even now I cannot help feeling that it is a mistake to think that the passion one feels in creation is ever really shown in the work one creates. After adopting that way of thinking, Basil’s painting gradually â€Å"go[es] off† as Henry later says: â€Å"It seemed to me to have lost something (†¦). When you and he ceased to be great friends, he ceased to be a great artist. † If Dorian’s portrait is Basil’s masterpiece, the portrait’s role in the story is not limited to being a great piece of art and the picture can be considered as a character in its own right.

The Most Important Characteristic Successful People †Communications Essay

The Most Important Characteristic Successful People – Communications Essay Free Online Research Papers The Most Important Characteristic Successful People Communications Essay There are many factors that people should remember in order to be successful. Making effort, trying hard, keeping up the positive attitude, and being intelligent can be included in those factors. Of all these requirements, I would say that having positive attitude is the most important characteristic of people who want to be successful. In the following essay, I will further explain as to why I think so. To begin with, being positive lets you be confident, which eventually leads to become what you want. For instance, lets say a middle school student failed her mid term exam. If she is not an affirmative person, she would probably give up and do not study anymore for her final test. However, if she has a positive attitude toward every situation she confronts, she will try harder and possibly get a better score next time. Which case will bring a brighter result? Next, having a positive attitude can let people be healthy, which is also essential to live successful lives. Negative people are subject to get tired and worried easily, which distract their healthy conditions. On the contrary, people who are affirmative will quickly forget about their problems and try a new attempt. Clearly, positive people are much healthier than those who are not and therefore are easier to become what they want. To sum up, I believe that the most important characteristic for people to be successful is having positive attitudes all the time. It can help people to be confident and healthy, which are two very important factors that determine people whether to achieve their goals or not. In reality, there are numerous people who easily give up just because they failed to do something. However, I think they should know that giving up is the worst thing they can do in order to be successful. I hope people will be aware of the importance of having positive attitude and take a closer step to their future dreams. Research Papers on The Most Important Characteristic Successful People - Communications EssayEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenStandardized TestingResearch Process Part OneAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThree Concepts of PsychodynamicGenetic EngineeringThe Hockey GameQuebec and CanadaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Biography of Sojourner Truth, Abolitionist and Lecturer

Biography of Sojourner Truth, Abolitionist and Lecturer Sojourner Truth (born Isabella Baumfree; c. 1797–November 26, 1883) was a famous African-American abolitionist and womens rights activist. Emancipated from slavery by New York state law in 1827, she served as an itinerant preacher before becoming involved in the anti-slavery and womens rights movements. In 1864, Truth met Abraham Lincoln in his White House office. Fast Facts: Sojourner Truth Known For: Truth was an abolitionist and womens rights activist known for her fiery speeches.Also Known As: Isabella  BaumfreeBorn: c. 1797 in Swartekill, New YorkParents: James and Elizabeth BaumfreeDied: November 26, 1883 in Battle Creek, MichiganPublished Works: The Narrative of Sojourner Truth: A Northern Slave (1850)Notable Quote: This is what all suffragists must understand, whatever their sex or color- that all the disfranchised of the earth have a common cause. Early Life The woman known as Sojourner Truth was born into slavery in New York as Isabella Baumfree (after her fathers owner, Baumfree) in 1797. Her parents were James and Elizabeth Baumfree. She was sold several times, and while enslaved by the John Dumont family in Ulster County, she married Thomas, also enslaved by Dumont and who was many years older than Isabella. The couple had five children together. In 1827, New York law emancipated all slaves. At this point, however, Isabella had already left her husband and run away with her youngest child, going to work for the family of Isaac Van Wagenen. While working for the Van Wagenens- whose name she used briefly- Isabella discovered that a member of the Dumont family had sold one of her children into slavery in Alabama. Since this son had been emancipated under New York Law, Isabella sued in court and won his return. Preaching In New York City, Isabella worked as a servant and attended a white Methodist church and an  African Methodist Episcopal Church, where she reunited briefly with three of her older siblings. Isabella came under the influence of a religious prophet named Matthias in 1832. She then moved to a Methodist perfectionist commune, led by Matthias, where she was the only black member, and few members were of the working class. The commune fell apart a few years later, with allegations of sexual improprieties and even murder. Isabella herself was accused of poisoning another member, and she sued successfully for libel in 1835. She continued her work as a household servant until 1843. William Miller, a millenarian prophet, predicted that Christ would return in 1843 amid economic turmoil during and after the panic of 1837. On June 1, 1843, Isabella took the name Sojourner Truth, believing this to be on the instructions of the Holy Spirit.  She became a traveling preacher (the meaning of her new name, Sojourner), making a tour of Millerite camps.  When the Great Disappointment became clear- the world did not end as predicted- she joined a utopian community, the Northampton Association, founded in 1842 by people interested in abolitionism and womens rights. Abolitionism After joining the abolitionist movement, Truth became a popular circuit speaker. She made her first antislavery speech in 1845 in New York City. The commune failed in 1846, and she bought a house on Park Street in New York.  She dictated her autobiography to womens rights activist Olive Gilbert and published it in Boston in 1850.  Truth used the income from the book,  The Narrative of Sojourner Truth, to pay off her mortgage. In 1850, she also began speaking about womens suffrage. Her most famous speech, Aint I a Woman?, was given in 1851 at a womens rights convention in Ohio. The speech- which addressed the ways in which Truth was oppressed for being both black and a woman- remains influential today. Truth eventually met Harriet Beecher Stowe, who wrote about her for the Atlantic Monthly and wrote a new introduction to Truths autobiography. Later, Truth moved to Michigan and joined yet another religious commune, this one associated with the Friends. She was at one point friendly with Millerites, a religious movement that grew out of Methodism and later became the Seventh Day Adventists. Civil War During the Civil War, Truth raised food and clothing contributions for black regiments, and she met Abraham Lincoln at the White House in 1864 (the meeting was arranged by Lucy N. Colman and Elizabeth Keckley). During her White House visit, she tried to challenge the discriminatory policy of segregating street cars by race. Truth was also an active member of the National Freedmans Relief Association. After the war ended, Truth again traveled and gave lectures, advocating for some time for a Negro State in the west. She spoke mainly to white audiences and mostly on religion, the rights of African-Americans and women, and temperance, though immediately after the Civil War she tried to organize efforts to provide jobs for black refugees from the war. Death Truth remained active in politics until 1875, when her grandson and companion fell ill and died. She then returned to Michigan, where her health deteriorated. She died in 1883 in a Battle Creek sanitorium of infected ulcers on her legs. Truth was buried in Battle Creek, Michigan, after a well-attended funeral. Legacy Truth was a major figure in the abolitionist movement, and she has been widely celebrated for her work. In 1981, she was inducted into the National Womens Hall of Fame, and in 1986 the U.S. Postal Service issued a stamp in her honor. In 2009, a bust of Truth was placed in the U.S. Capitol. Her autobiography is read in classrooms throughout the country. Sources Bernard, Jacqueline.  Journey Toward Freedom: The Story of Sojourney Truth. Price Stern Sloan, 1967.Saunders Redding, Sojourner Truth in Notable American Women 1607-1950 Volume III P-Z. Edward T. James, editor. Janet Wilson James and Paul S. Boyer, assistant editors. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press, 1971.Stetson, Erlene, and Linda David.  Glorying in Tribulation: The Lifework of Sojourner Truth. Michigan State University Press, 1994.Truth, Sojourner.  The Narrative of Sojourner Truth: a Northern Slave. Dover Publications Inc., 1997.

Transtheoretical Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Transtheoretical Model - Essay Example Such a policy may have been commenced by advances in the classification of the equipotentiality of various explanations of client issues. Premature research proposed that a counselor's hypothetically based viewpoint in the area of alcohol and drugs about the source of a client's query were influential in creating revolution, apart from the actual satisfaction of the counselor's thinking (West, 2005). Moreover, consequent study has pointed out that the difference between the customer's faith and the analyst's message itself, rather than the accurate theoretically based substance of the message, is of major importance for client change. Researchers examined that the counselor's message itself allowed the user to observe the problem with a different angle that directed to efficient problem interpreting. In olden times, a few researchers and counselor instructors might have been more open to theoretical assimilation upon identifying a trend in practical searches that revealed comparatively small differences between therapeutic policies (Highlen & Hill, 1984). A significant peculiarity has been set between procedural eclecticism and theoretical incorporation. An eclectic strategy, exclusive of theoretical incorporation, tends to put down practitioners with a plan wanting in structure and practical trend. There is a lot to explore and perform for the structure that attains theoretical incorporation. (Prochaska, 1997) Researchers as well as theorists who proposed models that match with modern variations have documented the increasing trend in the direction of eclecticism. A methodical treatment selection was proposed in 1993 that reflects an individual's problem sternness and convolution, inspirational pain, confrontation power and handling style. The aspects that proposal drew awareness to are imperative for counselors to think about. The model may appear unclear and perplexing because the individuals have changeable measures of problems. (Gaw and Beutler, 1993) The aim of the article is to underline the role that the Transtheoretical Model of Change has played for practical eclecticism and theoretical incorporation. Another objective is to think about the intercession propositions of empirically resulting practices and phases of change. Transtheoretical Model Transtheoretical Model characterizes an experimentally derived chronological structure of general change that consists of multiple stages. This model is different from other counseling assumptions in that it was planned to present an amalgamative configuration to analysis practice. It was designed to combine various features of counseling without isolating application from theory. Transtheoretical Model also integrates a perceptive of the usual dynamic predispositions that individuals illustrate about self-change. In particular, it integrates what investigators have exposed about how a number of individuals, with problems usually seen in treatment, achieve required changes devoid of treatment (Tucker, 1995; Watson & Sher, 1998). This sort of invention of the model is imitative of the scientist-expert in that it was designed from a practically originated model of change. Transtheoretical model may be one solution to the recognized need of an incorporative and inclusive approach that various specialized people have